Machining centers

Machining centers satisfy all demands for components and operations such as milling, drilling, boring, reaming and tapping. How you configure the machine will have a large influence on the metal-cutting efficiency and machine utilization.

Machining center configuration

Always configure the machine to make it best suited for the components being produced. Component geometry and quantity will influence the choice and will define the number of set-ups required.

• 3-axis: Vertical machining centers (VMC) on a fixed table. A rotary table can be added to provide a 4th axis, for more complex shapes and accessibility
• 4-axis: Horizontal machining centers (HMC). A tombstone is used to allow four component set-ups on the table, for higher volume production. Utilizing a pallet system ensures a high machine utilization rate
• 5-axis, trunnion table: The spindle is "fixed" with the 4th and 5th axis in the table
• 5-axis, 90° head: The spindle provides the 4th axis (B) with the 5th axis in the table

The 5-axis variants can have a turning option, with the 5th axis having full rotation, making them multi-task machines.

Spindle interface

The spindle interface selection is a key decision, as this often defines the limitations on metal-cutting efficiency. When not machining, the spindle interface requires quick interchangeability. Yet, when machining, it is vital that the joint between the spindle and coupling is solid, even if cutting forces do their best to disrupt this interface.

Read more about how to choose a spindle

Options for machining centers

There are different machine options to provide even higher machine utilization.

Magazine/automatic tool change (ATC)

It is important to allow ample space for tools in the magazine for all operations and components, to support a quick changeover from one job to another without the need to change tools. If using sister tooling, this needs to be accounted for as well.

When using large-diameter or long tools, ensure that the ATC has adequate weight and moment capability—this is often a limiting factor for the use of long and larger-diameter tools.

Pallet

By using a pallet option, the component can be set up in the fixture while the machine is still producing. This provides excellent machine utilization compared to setting up directly in the machine.

Right-angle head adapter

To be able to carry out internal milling operations, the spindle nose adaption for support and location will be needed, to allow the main spindle to drive the auxiliary head. This head can be tool changed and stored in the magazine.

Interpolation turning

This machine option allows for production of a symmetrical feature on a non-symmetrical component and reduces the need for engineered tools and feed-out heads.Read more about interpolation turning

High-pressure pump

Most machines offer a high-pressure coolant capability around 70 bar (1015 psi).

Read more about coolant aspects